Вибрані праці. - 2013.

Abstract

У збірці статей відомого українського діалектолога, історика української мови Бориса Антоновича Шарпила подано праці, які стали вже бібліографічною рідкістю. У них порушено питання функціонування українських говірок на теренах України, спільні та відмінні риси виділюваних у наш час ареалів, визначено специфіку східнослобожанського континууму на тлі говірок південно-східного наріччя; визначено внесок окремих письменників у формування нової української літературної мови. Книгу адресовано науковцям, студентам, учителям.Annotation A comparative-historical analysis of phonetic and morphological features of the eastern Slobozhanshina dialects is represented in the collected articles. The author proves that since the ХVІІ century the dialects of the prevailing mid-Dneprovsky type with the dialects of Chernigovshina and the elements of the south-western vernacular interacted with each other. In accord with B.A. Sharpilo the last ones got into Starobelshina through the unsettled and new-settled territories, first of all, through the south-eastern Poltavshina and Kharkovshina. In the process of the interdialectal interactions the south-eastern, Poltavsko- Cherkasky in its basis dialectal type completely prevailed. At the same time the relicts of the disappeared dialectal systems were saved in the following phenomena: 1) conservation of the elements from other dialects in different words due to the favourable phonetic inner conditions and the etymological opacity of the row of words which allow to apprehend the corresponding relicts not as the system phenomena but as the elements of the phonematic composition of the different words (akanye in the words matuzka, chobaty etc.), non-etymological u – zbuiky, initial ye yermarok and similar relicts of the northukrainian sound system; the features of the strong ukanye – tupor, tabor etc.); 2) remnants of some elements of the disappeared systems, first of all the row of phenomena of the south-western origin which preserved in the western group of dialects which have colonizational connections with the southeastern Poltavshina and Kharkovshina. In the process of the dialects’ development the row of the specific for Slobozhanshina phenomena appeared in their system: a) featurelessness of the parallelisms of the different dialectal origin (forms of infinitive –ti and –t' etc.); b) the overcoming of the row which is conditioned by the ancient relations of one-type sound combinations and forms; c) the wide spread occurrence of the new phenomena which appeared due to the hyperic repulsion from the auxiliary speech type (e.g.: ogronom, otyoug; puzhar; oroh etc.).In the process of interaction with Russian dialects the Ukrainian eastern-Slobozhansky dialects underwent considerable changes in lexis but saved the basic elements of the sound and grammatical system. The elements of akanye, the pronunciation of y, dispalatalization ts can be revealed only in the insignificant part of the dialects in villages where the people’s relation to the language was heterogeneous from the time immemorial.